The Tree of Life
Phylogenetic Tree A phylogenetic tree is an illustration of how species are related to one another through evolution that has occurred for as long as millions (and billions) of years! The diagram that illustrates these relationships connects species through branching, hence the name "tree". Monophyletic is all the organisms of a single common recent ancestor as well as the ancestor. The diagram above depicts a monophyletic group because it contains all the organisms of the common recent ancestor as well as the ancestor. In this example, we see a made-up illustration of how the avian pokemon are related through evolution (real evolution, not pokemon's version of evolution)! Paraphyletic is very similar to monophyletic except it does NOT include all of the descendant organisms. The diagram above depicts a paraphyletic group because the recent common ancestor (Squirtle) is included but not all the organisms (Kingler and Psyduck) are included. This example uses water pokemon...